Pneumatic caisson of ferroconcrete.



S. REGHNIBWSKI.

PNBUMATIG CAISSON 0F PBRROGONGRBTR APPLIOATION FILED MAY 7, 1910.

1,014,721 Patented Jan. 16,1912.

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1,014,721, A Patented m1111912.

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STANISLAW RECI-INIEWSKI, F ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA.

PNEUMATIC CAISSON 0F FERROCONCRETE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 16,1912.

Application filed May 7, 1910. Serial No. 560,008.

To all whom t may concern: i

Be it known that I, STANIsLAw RECH- Ninwsir, engineer, a subject of the Czar of Russia, of 19 Tavritcheskaya street St.

Petersburg, Russia, have invented new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Pneumatic Caissons of Ferroconcrete, of

which the fo-llowing is a specification.

My invention relates, to pneumatic caissons of ferro-concrete, and substantially consists in rigidly interconnecting the lateral walls of such caissons by means of iron frames or systems of ties and struts. The lightness and open nature of such iron struc# tures enables them to be made of great strength and rigidity without materially increasing the weight of vthe caisson, and without seriously impeding the movements of the workmen in the caisson.

The invention is illustrated in the annexed drawings as applied to an arched caisson, rounded at the ends.

lFigure l is a cross-section on the line A-A of Fig. 3, Fig. 2 a longitudinal section on part of the line B-B of Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 a plan-view showing, lon the left-hand side only, the iron skeleton of the caisson.

' The following conventions are observed throughout the drawings: Iron parts lof angular cross-section are drawn in solidl lines; trusses of circular cross-section are drawn in dotted lines, where shown in elevation, and are shown in solid black where they appear in cross-section. Rivets are indicated by crosses, dotted where covered by other iron parts.

The caisson illustrated may be considered as comprising the following parts Firstly, the arched central part P, of comparatively a light thickness (the arched ferro-concrete structure between the projections a in Fig. 1). Secondly, the thicker, prismatic ferroconcrete bodies, below the jutting parts a, indicated at P.

The ferro-concrete structure is united with a series of flat iron frame structures F, arranged at intervals across the caisson, and each consisting of arched members S, thrust resisting members o across the base thereof and a system of ties and struts indicated at connecting these members. The four angleiron members b of the arched structure S are embedded in the concrete and the tieplates d nearest the members c are at the imposts of the central ferro-concrete structure,

as shown in Fig. 1. This central structure is thus supported by the iron 'iframes and by the prismatic ferro-concrete bodies or abutments P. In order to restrict the weight of the caisson 'the thickness of theV arched 60' structure is restricted to the minimum capable of supportingthe vertical thrust (weight of arch plus external `load,) this thickness being calculated not in respect of a curved ferro-concrete "roof supported'byiron frames, 65' but in respectof a ferro-concrete arch, supported by theprismatic abutments.

The* prismatic abutments are formed `of a main body portion of ferro-.cor'icrete''findicated at f,"incased by a girder-'like structure l'i0 F which fo-rms areinforcement and means fork interconnecting the prismatic abutment with the frame structures F. This latter means of interconnecting the member is accomplished by the rigidconnecting of the girder-like structure F with the vertical* frame structures F, asis clearly shown in Fig. 2. The prismatic abutments take up the thrust of the arch in. planes inclined to the horizontal, and transmit the same to the built up frame structures.

.As va reinforcing means for the cutting edge or lower margin of the'caisson, a V- shaped rolled sectionor casting R is carried by the girder-like structure F. This member R not only serves to protect the girderlike structure and the ferro-.concrete-but alsov forms a uniformed margin for the caisson which is disposed to resist deflectionby its position with respect tothe force it env counters ywhen the caisson is being sunk.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, ,I declareV that what I claim is 95 1. An arched pneumatic ferro -concrete caisson having its lateral walls rigidly interconnected by a series of framed structures disposed in vertical planes, each frame structure comprising arched members, thrust resisting members for said arched members, and a system of ties and struts connecting said arched members and said thrust resisting members.

2. An arched pneumatic ferro concrete caisson having its lateral walls rigidly interconnected by a series of framed structures disposed in vertical planes, each frame structure comprising an arched member, a thrust resisting member for said arched member,

and a system of ties and strutsfconnecting said arched member and said thrust resisting member.

3. An arched pneumatic ferro-concrete caisson comprising in combination, a base structure of ferro-concrete having reinforced cutting edges, an ,archedferro-concrete shell springing from said base structure, and a series of framed structures disposed in vertical planes, rigidly interconnected with said base structure and said arched shell, each of said" frame structures comprising arched members, thrust resisting members for --said arched members, and a system of ties and struts-connecting saidf arched members and said thrust'resisting members.

v t. Anuarched pneumatic ferroconcrete caisson comprising vin frcombination, a base structure of "ferro concrete `having reinforced cutting iedges, and 'arched ferro-concrete shell springing from said base structure, and a series'o ramedstructures disposed in vertical' planesv rigidly interconnecting said base structure and said arched shell, said iframe .structure eachy comprising an. arched member, va thrust resisting'member for said 'arched member,and a system of ties and struts connecting saidarched member and said thrust resisting member.

5. An arched pneumatic ferroconcrete caisson comprising in combination, an arched ferro-concrete shell, a marginal base structure forming an abutment for said arched shell, and a series of framed struc'- tures disposed i'n vertical planes and interi' connecting said varched ferro-concrete shell and said marginal base, said framed structure comprisingjarched'members, thrust resisting members .for said arched` members,

and a system of ties and struts connecting said arched member and said thrust resisting members. v

6. An arched pneumatic Iferroconcrete caisson comprising in combination, an arched ferro-concrete shell, a marginal base' structure forming anl abutment for said arched shell, and a series of framed structures disposed in Vertical planes and interconnecting said arched ferro-concrete shell and said marginal base, each of said framed structures comprising an arched member, a

thrust resisting member for said arched member and a system of ties and struts con- I necting said arched member and said thrust resisting member.

7'. An arched pneumatic ferro concrete caisson comprising, an arched ferro-'concrete shell, 'a marginal base structure of ferroconcrete forming an abutment for saidV 4arched shell, a series of framed structures Vdisposed in vertical planes and interconnect- .ing said arched shell and said marginal base, said framed structures comprising i arched members, thrust resisting members .for said arched members, and a system of @ties and struts connecting said arched mem- :bers and thrust resisting members, and a girder like casing for said marginal base structure rigidly connected to said framed istructures, combined substantially as described.

8. An arched pneumatic' ferro-concrete caisson comprising, an arched ferro-concrete shell, a marginal base structure of ferroconcrete forming an yabutment for said arched shell, a series of framed structures` `disposed in Vertical planes'and interconnecting said arched shell and said marginal base said framed structures each comprising an arched' member, a thrust resisting member for said arched member, and a system of ties and struts connecting said arched member and said thrust resisting member, and gir--4 der-like casing for' said marginal base structure rigidly connected to said framed struc-'- tures, combined substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aiiiX my signature in presence of two Witnesses;

sTANIsLAW RECHNIEWSKI. -v l,

Witnesses:

H. A. LOVIAGUINE, M. SHREZKoUzI.

Copies of this patent maybe obtained for 

